Intrastat
Intrastat is the EU's system for collecting statistics on trade in goods between member states. VAT-registered businesses whose arrivals or dispatches pass a national threshold file a monthly declaration of what moved, its value, quantity, origin and partner country. Since 2022 the UK collects it only for goods moving between Northern Ireland and the EU.
What a declaration reports
- The partner's VAT number, for dispatches
- The reference period and the trade flow — arrival or dispatch
- The commodity, the partner member state and the country of origin
- The value and quantity of the goods
- The nature of the transaction — a sale, a return, processing
Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 sets the data and requires collection to cover at least 95% of the value of total intra-Union exports, which is why each member state sets a threshold and smaller traders fall below it.
Thresholds
| Where | Must file when annual trade exceeds |
|---|---|
| UK — Northern Ireland and EU trade, 2026 | £500,000 of arrivals or £250,000 of dispatches; delivery terms too above £24 million |
| Germany, from 1 January 2025 | €1 million of exports (was €500,000) or €3 million of imports (was €800,000) |
Worked example: a Northern Ireland trader
2026 · arrivals from the EU £620,000 > £500,000 → file arrivals every month · dispatches £200,000 < £250,000 → no dispatch declarations · each due by the 21st of the following month · once over, keep filing to the end of the calendar yearThresholds and deadline from HMRC's UK Trade Info; the trader's figures are illustrative.
Who files, and the penalty
Only VAT-registered businesses: those not registered for VAT, and private individuals, have no obligations, HMRC's Notice 60 says. It can penalise declarations that are persistently late, missing, inaccurate or incomplete, with a maximum fine of £2,500 for each offence. Germany's thresholds count the current or the previous calendar year, so a trader can be caught by last year's volume.
The mistake people make
Declaring part of a month's trade. HMRC lists it with late and inaccurate returns as grounds for a penalty: once a business is over the threshold, the declaration covers every arrival or dispatch in the month, not just the large ones.
FAQ
Intrastat: common questions
- Does the UK still have Intrastat?
- Only for Northern Ireland. Since 1 January 2022 Intrastat applies to goods moving between Northern Ireland and the EU; movements between Great Britain and the EU are no longer covered.
- When is an Intrastat declaration due?
- In the UK, by the 21st of the month after the month it covers. Once a business passes the threshold, it keeps filing until the end of that calendar year.
- What is the Intrastat threshold in Germany?
- From 1 January 2025, €1 million of exports or €3 million of imports with other EU countries in the current or previous calendar year — up from €500,000 and €800,000.
Sources
- Glossary: Intrastat — Eurostat
- Regulation (EU) 2019/2152 on European business statistics — EUR-Lex, 27 November 2019
- Changes to Intrastat from 1 January 2022 — HMRC, UK Trade Info, 4 October 2021
- Intrastat thresholds from 1 January 2026 — HMRC, UK Trade Info, 11 November 2025
- Intrastat supplementary declarations, August 2025 — HMRC, UK Trade Info, 16 September 2025
- Notice 60: Intrastat general guide — HMRC, UK Trade Info
- Reporting thresholds 2025 — Destatis
Related terms
On Traqo: HS code — how goods are classified for customs and trade statistics.
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