Who pays anti-dumping duty?

The importer, on top of the normal customs duty. In the US the importer must also certify that the exporter has not reimbursed it.

How long does an anti-dumping duty last?

Five years under WTO rules, unless an expiry review finds dumping and injury would continue or recur. The US order on wooden bedroom furniture from China was still being reviewed in August 2026.

What is the difference between anti-dumping and countervailing duty?

Anti-dumping duty answers export prices below normal value; countervailing duty answers subsidies. The EU applies both to e-bikes from China: 62.1% and 17.2% for exporters not individually named.

Term

Anti-dumping duty

An anti-dumping duty is an extra import duty on goods exported at less than their normal value — usually below the price in the exporter's home market — when that dumping harms the importing country's industry. Under WTO rules a margin under 2% is disregarded, and a duty ends within five years unless a review extends it. The importer pays it.

Also called anti-dumping, antidumping duty, AD duty, dumping margin, trade remedyUpdated 13 October 2026

What counts as dumping

Article 2.1 of the WTO Anti-Dumping Agreement: a product is dumped if its export price is less than the comparable price, in the ordinary course of trade, for the like product when destined for consumption in the exporting country. If the margin is under 2% of the export price it is de minimis and the investigation ends at once. A definitive duty must end within five years unless a review finds that dumping and injury would continue or recur; EU measures are usually imposed for five years.

Real rates

Where	Measure	Rate
EU	E-bikes from China, anti-dumping, Regulation (EU) 2025/120	9.9% to 70.1% by exporter; 62.1% for all others
EU	The same e-bikes, countervailing, Regulation (EU) 2025/114	17.2% for all others
US	Wooden bedroom furniture from China, A-570-890, review of August 2026	216.01% China-wide cash deposit
GCC	Lead-acid starter batteries, 12 January 2026 to 13 January 2031	25.8%–74% from China; 43.2%–77% from Malaysia

Worked example: e-bikes into the EU

Net free-at-frontier price €50,000 · anti-dumping 62.1% = €31,050 · countervailing 17.2% = €8,600 → €39,650 of trade-remedy duty, on top of the normal customs duty

For an exporter not individually named in the regulations. The EU charges both duties on the net, free-at-Union-frontier price before duty.

Who pays

The importer. Where an EU measure takes the form of a minimum import price, importers pay no anti-dumping duty if the export price is above it. In the US, importers must certify that the exporter has not reimbursed them for the duty; without that, Commerce may presume reimbursement and assess double anti-dumping duties.

The mistake people make

Pricing a whole country at one rate. Rates are set exporter by exporter — the EU e-bike duties run from 9.9% to 70.1% — so a change of supplier, or a supplier not named in the regulation, can move the same product onto the 'all other companies' rate.

FAQ